MODERN DEVELOPMENT OF EU MIGRATION POLICY AND MIGRATION PROSPECTS OF UKRAINE
Keywords:
migration policy, European Union, migration of the population of UkraineAbstract
The aim of the article is to analyze the development of migration policy of the European Union, its main directions set out by the European Commission in the draft of new Pact on Migration and Asylum, and assess the impact of European approaches to migration management on migration of population of Ukraine. To achieve it, general scientific methods are used, such as systemic, comparative, structural-functional. The relevance of the study is due to the importance of migration of Ukrainians to the EU for the development of the country, as well as the need to implement the norms and principles of European legislation as a component of European integration of Ukraine. The novelty of the article is to identify current trends in EU migration policy and predict their impact on changes in the volume, direction and characteristics of migration of Ukrainians. It is concluded that the development of the channels of legal migration envisaged by the new Pact, primarily for skilled labor, and strengthening the fight against illegal migration, will encourage Ukrainians to move more orderly to European countries. This, of course, will help to improve working conditions of migrants, ensure their rights, but will increase the risks of turning part of temporary labor migration into permanent one and, consequently, further loss of labor and intellectual potential of the country. At the same time, the European Commission’s proposals to deepen cooperation in the field of migration with neighboring countries open up new opportunities for Ukraine to mitigate the negative effects of migration processes. In particular, it is time to raise once again the issue of concluding agreements with the countries of destination of la bor migrants from Ukraine on the joint use of labor and on social security of migrants. The possibility of support by European partners of programs of promoting the reintegration of returnees is worth discussing. The proposal for a “talent partnership” contains certain prospects for transforming the brain drain from Ukraine to their mutually beneficial circulation. The development of migration management in the EU should be taken into account in order to improve migration policy of Ukraine. In particular, the European experience of a differentiated approach to immigration, promoting the arrival of professionals, students and investors is noteworthy. In order to prevent illegal migration and shadow employment of foreigners, EU developments on procedures for admitting seasonal workers, obtaining a residence permit and permit for employment in one document can be used. European experience in improving the efficiency and timeframe of asylum procedures is also useful.
References:
- Migration and migrant population statistics - Statistics Explained (2021, February 10). Official website of the European Union. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/ statistics-explained/index.php/Migration_and_migrant_population_statistics
- Number of recorded deaths of migrants in the Mediterranean Sea from 2014 to 2020 (2021, February 10). Official site of Statista. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/ statistics/1082077/deaths-of-migrants-in-the-mediterranean-sea/
- Risk Analysis for 2016 (2021, February 10). FRONTEX. Retrieved from https://frontex. europa.eu/assets/Publications/Risk_Analysis/Annula_Risk_Analysis_2016.pdf
- Asylum and first time asylum applicants by citizenship, age and sex-annual aggregated data (rounded) (2021, February 10). Official website of the European Union. Retrieved from https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=migr_asyappctza&lang=en
- A European Agenda on Migration (2021, February 10). Official website of the European Union. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/sites/homeaffairs/files/ what-we-do/policies/european-agenda-migration/background-information/docs/ communication_on_the_european_agenda_on_migration_en.pdf
- Statistics on migration to Europe (2021, February 10). Official website of the European Union. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/info/strategy/priorities-2019-2024/promotingour-european-way-life/statistics-migration-europe_en
- Latest Asylum Trends (2021, February 10). Official website of the European Union. Retrieved from https://www.easo.europa.eu/latest-asylum-trends
- Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council. The European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on a New Pact on Migration and Asylum COM/2020/609 final (2021, February 10). Official website of the European Union. Retrieved from https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT /?qid=1601287338054&uri=COM%3A2020%3A609%3AFIN
- New Pact on Migration and Asylum (2021, February 10). Official site of Eurostat. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_20_1706
- Commission Staff Working Document. SWD (2020) 207 final (2021, February 10). Official site of Eur-Lex. Retrieved from https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/ ?qid=1601291023467&uri=SWD%3A2020%3A207%3AFIN
- Immigrant Key Workers: Their Contribution to Europe’s COVID-19 Response. Retrieved from https://knowledge4policy.ec.europa.eu/publication/immigrant-key-workers-theircontribution-europes-covid-19-response_en
- Brzozowski, A. (2020). In Brussels, Visegrad countries reject the EU’s migration plan. Retrieved from https://www.euractiv.com/section/justice-home-affairs/news/in-brusselsvisegrad-four-reject-the-eus-migration-plan/
- Ruy, D. & Yayboke, E. (2020). Deciphering the European Union’s New Pact on Migration and Asylum. Retrieved from https://www.csis.org/analysis/deciphering-european-unionsnew-pact-migration-and-asylum
- Chy potribni u Pol’shchi ukrainski robochi ruky? [Does Poland need Ukrainian labor?] (2020). Retrieved from https://ampua.org/novyny/chi-potribni-u-polshhi-ukrainski-roboch/ [in Ukrainian].
- V Polshe zhdut zarobitchan: na kakikh predpriyatiyakh budet rabota do kontsa goda [Workers are expected in Poland: which enterprises will have jobs by the end of the year]. (2020). Retrieved from https://ubr.ua/labor-market/work-in-figures/nesmotrja-na-karantinukraintsy-vnov-nachali-ezdit-na-zarabotki-v-polshu-3893371[in Russian].
- Bly’zko 30% ukrayintsiv v Polshchi zminyly robotu cherez COVID-19 [About 30% of Ukrainians in Poland have changed jobs due to COVID-19]. (2021). Retrieved from https:// www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-society/3112487-blizko-40-ukrainciv-u-polsi-zminilirobotu-cerez-covid19.html [in Ukrainian].
- Do Ukrayiny v 2020 rotsi nadiyshov rekordnyy obsyah hroshovykh perekaziv [In 2020 Ukraine received a record amount of remittances]. (2021). Retrieved from https://www. dw.com/uk [in Ukrainian].
- Doslidzhennya: Cherez koronavirus mihranty v Pol’shchi vse menshe dumayut’ pro zarobitky v Nimechchyni [Research: Due to the coronavirus, migrants in Poland are thinking less and less about earning money in Germany]. (2020). Retrieved from https://naszwybir.pl/ doslidzhennya-cherez-koronavirus-migranty-v-polshhi-vse-menshe-dumayut-prozarobitky-v-nimechchyni/ [in Ukrainian].
- Increase in foreign workers despite coronavirus, stats show (2021). Retrieved from https:// www.thefirstnews.com/article/increase-in-foreign-workers-despite-coronavirus-statsshow-19028
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Олена Малиновська
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-nd/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.