¹3 (25) 2015 ð.
Äåìîãðàô³ÿ òà ñîö³àëüíà åêîíîì³êà, 2015, 3(25):21-42
doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/dse2015.03.002
ÓÄÊ 314.18: «311»+311.219.1+«313»(477)
À.². ÐÎÌÀÍÞÊ
àä’þíêò-ïðîôåñîð
Äåïàðòàìåíò ñîö³îëî㳿, Óí³âåðñèòåò Àëüáåðòè
Åäìîíòîí, Êàíàäà
E-mail: anromaniuk@yahoo.ca
Î.Ì. ÃËÀÄÓÍ
ä-ð åêîí. íàóê, çàñòóïíèê äèðåêòîðà
²íñòèòóò äåìîãðàô³¿ òà ñîö³àëüíèõ äîñë³äæåíü
³ìåí³ Ì.Â. Ïòóõè ÍÀÍ Óêðà¿íè, Êè¿â, Óêðà¿íà
E-mail: gladun.ua@gmail.com
ÄÅÌÎÃÐÀÔ²×Ͳ ÒÅÍÄÅÍÖ²¯  ÓÊÐÀ¯Í²:
ÌÈÍÓËÅ, ÑÜÎÃÎÄÅÍÍß ² ÌÀÉÁÓÒͪ
Ðîçä³ë: ÄÅÌÎÃÐÀÔ²×Ͳ ÏÐÎÁËÅÌÈ ÒÀ ÒÅÍÄÅÍÖ²¯
Ìîâà ñòàòò³: óêðà¿íñüêà
Àíîòàö³ÿ: Ïðîòÿãîì ïåðøî¿ ïîëîâèíè ÕÕ ñòîë³òòÿ Óêðà¿íà çàçíàëà ðÿä ðóêîòâîðíèõ äåìîãðàô³÷íèõ êàòàñòðîô:
Ïåðøà ñâ³òîâà â³éíà, á³ëüøîâèöüêà ðåâîëþö³ÿ, ãîëîä 1932–1933 ðð. ïîâ’ÿçàíèé ç êîëåêòèâ³çàö³ºþ,
ìàñøòàáí³ äåïîðòàö³¿ òà ñòðàòè ï³ä ÷àñ Âåëèêîãî òåðîðó Ñòàë³íà, Äðóãà ñâ³òîâà â³éíà. Ó ñòàòò³
îö³íåíî äåìîãðàô³÷í³ íàñë³äêè öèõ ïîä³é. Áåç íèõ, çà îö³íêàìè äîñë³äíèê³â, íàñåëåííÿ Óêðà¿íè â 1991 ðî-
ö³ íàïåðåäîäí³ çäîáóòòÿ Íåçàëåæíîñò³ ìàëî á ñêëàäàòè 87 ìëí îñ³á, à íå 52 ìëí, ÿê â³äáóëîñÿ â
ðåàëüíîñò³. Äî1991 ð. äåìîãðàô³÷í³ âòðàòè Óêðà¿íè áóëè åï³çîäè÷íèìè ³ ìàëè çîâí³øí³ ïðè÷èíè. ϳñëÿ
çäîáóòòÿ íåçàëåæíîñò³ Óêðà¿íà ïåðåæèâຠäîâãîòðèâàëó äåìîãðàô³÷íó êðèçó, ÿêó ñòâîðèëà ñàìà:
íàñåëåííÿ ñêîðîòèëîñÿ ç 52 ìëí ó 1990 ðîö³ äî 45 ìëí îñ³á â 2013 ðîö³. Õî÷à íàðîäæóâàí³ñòü ³ ïðîéøëà
ñâîþ íàéíèæ÷ó òî÷êó, ñóìàðíèé êîåô³ö³ºíò íàðîäæóâàíîñò³ çàëèøàºòüñÿ íà ð³âí³ 1,5, ùî íàáàãàòî
íèæ÷å â³ä ð³âíÿ ïðîñòîãî â³äòâîðåííÿ. Åì³ãðàö³ÿ òàêîæ ïðîäîâæóº âèêëèêàòè òðèâîãó, ïîïðè òå, ùî
íàéàêòèâí³øèé ðóõ ìîëîäèõ ëþäåé, ÿê ó 1990-õ ðîêàõ, ïðèïèíèâñÿ. Âòðàòà Êðèìó ³ íåñòàá³ëüí³ñòü ó
ï³âäåííî-ñõ³äí³é Óêðà¿í³ çàëèøàþòüñÿ ïðèâîäîì äëÿ çàíåïîêîºííÿ.
Êëþ÷îâ³ ñëîâà: ñîö³àëüí³ êàòàñòðîôè, äåìîãðàô³÷í³ íàñë³äêè êàòàñòðîô, äåìîãðàô³÷í³ òåíäåíö³¿,
äåìîãðàô³÷íà êðèçà.
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