Demography and social economy, 2020, 4(42):93-105
doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/dse2020.04.093
УДК 332.05-332.142.2
JEL СLASSIFICATION: О15

Т. М. Kalahsnykova,
PhD (Economics), Leading Researcher
Ptoukha Institute for Demography and Social Studies of the NAS of Ukraine
01032, Ukraine, Kyiv, Вlvd Taras Shevchenkо, 60
E-mail: tatank@meta.ua
ORCID 0000-0002-7963-3155


SPATIALLY DETERMINED RISKS FOR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Section: HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Language: Ukrainian
Abstract: Th e purpose of this article is to study the spatial determinants of human development and the content of the concept of spatially determined risk for human development. Th e s cientifi c novelty of research is to determine the objects, subjects, results of spatial deterministic risk of human development. For the fi rst time, the essence of the defi nition of a spatially determined risk to human development is proposed and revealed. Th is further allows us to form a theoretical and methodological basis for assessing the risks involved. Th e article explores the territorial and spatial features of the process of human development by studying the factors that shape and determine it, basing on the author‘s concept of the “space for human development”. It is determined that the spatial determinants of human development include four groups of factors, which are the features of physical space, economic and social environment, conditions of daily life of the population. Th e distinctive spatial determinants carry both the opportunities for human development and the threats. Under certain conditions, they are transformed into human development risks and anti-risks as factors of the resilience and counteraction to risks. Generalizing the threats for human development, four classes of threats are identifi ed. Th ey include: inequality (income inequality, the unequal access to benefi ts, education, housing, etc.); uneven placement (hyper urbanization, hyper polarization, the uneven placement of infrastructure or recreational areas, etc); remoteness; inaccessibility. Separate territories can theoretically suff er from all of the above threats. Also, basing on the individual spatial characteristics of the respective territories and the presence of vulnerable populations, such threats may be leveled or amplifi ed. Th is will reduce or increase the probability of human development risks. Th e author distinguishes the main classes of risks for human development, which are: social exclusion, health risks, life risks. Th e author formulates own defi nition of a spatially determined risk for human development as an objectively existing probability of the social exclusion, violation of health of a certain severity or deprivation of life for the population of a certain territory (or certain individuals), which is connected with the action of spatially localized threats caused by income inequality and unequal access to social benefi ts, uneven accommodation, remoteness and diffi cult access to places of residence, work, infrastructure, including social and transport.
Key words: human development, space for human development, spatial determinants of human development, risk, spatially determined risk for human development.
References:
1. Bek, U. (2000). Risk society. On the way to another Art Nouveau. Moscow: ProgressTradicija [in Russian].
2. Bauman, Z. (2008). Liquid modernity. SPb: Piter [in Russian].
3. Kastel’s, M. (2000). Th e information age: Economy, Society and Culture. Moscow.
4. Luman, H. (1994). Th e concept of risk. Th esis, 5, 135-160 [in Russian].
5. Horemykina, Yu. V. (2017). Localization of social risks of human development and social vulnerability. Finance, Audit and the Social Economy: Trend Analysis and Scientifi c and Economic Development, 82-86. Lviv: Lviv Economic Foundation [in Ukrainian].
6. Makarova, O. V. (2018). Methodological approaches to the identifi cation and assessment of human development risks. Demography and Social Economy, 3, 133-148. doi: https:// doi.org/10.15407/dse2018.02.103 [in Ukrainian].
7. Nadraha, V. I. (2014). Methodical bases of occupational risk assessment. Economic herald of the Donbas, 2, 193-199 [in Ukrainian].
8. Novikov, V. M. (2018). Budget risk: content and regulation in social infrastructure. Demography and social economy, 1, 73-86. doi: https://doi. org/10.15407/dse2018.01.073 [in Ukrainian].
9. Rynhach, N. O. (2019). Population Awareness of Risk Factors as an Aspect of Health Literacy in Ukraine. Demography and Social Economy, 1, 41-52. doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/dse2019.01.041 [in Ukrainian].
10. Sydorchuk, O. H. (2018). Social security: state regulation and organizational and economic support. Lviv: Lviv Regional Institute for Public Administration of the National Academy for Public Administration under the President of Ukraine [in Ukrainian].
11. Novikova, O. F., Sydorchuk, O. H., & Pankova, O. V. (2018). Status and prospects of social security in Ukraine: expert assessments. Lviv Regional Institute for Public Administ ration of the National Academy for Public Administration under the President of Ukraine; NAS of Ukraine, Institute of Industrial Economics NAS of Ukraine. Kyiv, Lviv: Lviv Regional Institute for Public Administration of the National Academy for Public Administration under the President of Ukraine [in Ukrainian].
12. Capello, R., Caragliu, A., & Nijkamp, P. (2011). Territorial capital and regional growth: increasing returns in knowledge use. Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografi e, Vol. 102, 4, 385-405. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9663.2010.00613.x
13. Perroux, F. (1983). A new concept of development: Basic tenets. London: Canberra.
14. Friedmann, J. (1966). Regional Development Policy: a Case Study of Venezuela. Cambridge (Mass.)
15. Hagerstrand, T. (1966). Aspects of the Spatial Structure of Social Communication and the Diff usion of Information. Papers and Proceedings of the Regional Science Association, 16, 27-42. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01888934
16. Kalahsnikova, Т. М. (2019). Th e substance of the spatial aspect of human development processes. Demography and Social Economy, 3, 133-148. doi: https://doi.org/ 10.15407/dse2019.03.133 [in Ukrainian].
17. Yakovlieva, H. O. (2018). Th e d efi nition of the concept and nature of social risks in the social security law. Law and Innovations: Scient. - Pract. Journal, 2(22), 49-53. doi: https://doi.org/10.31359/2311-4894-2018-22-2-49
18. Healthy people 2020: an opportunity to address societal determinants of Health in the U.S. (2010). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Secretary’s Advisory Committee on National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives for 2020. Retrieved from: http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/about/advisory/SocietalDeterminants Health.pdf

» pdf