Demography and social economy, 2012, 1(17):5-22
doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/dse2012.01.005

ELLA LIBANOVA
Dr. of Economics, Professor, Academіcian of NAS of Ukraine, M.V. Ptoukha Institute for Demography and Social Studies, NAS of Ukraine

Social problems of modernization of the Ukraine’s economy.
Section: Modernization of ukrainian society: factors preconditions, prospects.
Language: Ukrainan
Abstract: The article deals with the social problems of transformation of the model of economy inherent to traditional societies into the model that is implemented in modern societies. Considerable attention is paid to the finding of basic differences between these types of societies. The histori- cal types of modernization are described (endogenous or primary and exogenous or secondary, overtaking), in part, the modernization of post-communist economies.
The conclusion is that the first, Ukraine has no time to postpone the modernization of economy; the second, Ukraine cannot orient toward overtaking modernization as well, except singular segments of society, in spite of this course is much easier. Moreover, complicated course of the endogenous modernization needs the adequate improvement of public order and shift in social consciousness.
It is proved that the effect of modernization is caused not entirely by economic processes but in considerable part, by public efforts beyond economic area. The main social obstacles against successful modernization of Ukrainian economy, in part, are related to excessive and unjustified social inequality. The primary income redistribution is ineffective, predominantly because of the pattern of tax liabilities is substantially more advantageous for the wealthy stratum and much more burdensome for those poorer one quite alike as in USA. The system of social relief is very unjust – the lion share goes to relatively well-off persons since reliefs are mostly the privileges not social benefits. The innovative nature of the modern economy reflects in the high speed of technology conversion and knowledge aging, minimum regulatory activity that is the only way to use the potential and creativity of working people. Therefore, the important (if not deciding) role in the successful modernization belongs to the labor force. Respectively, lack of labor forces, inability of enhancing of labor potential becomes the principal obstacle for the economic growth in Ukraine. The article also outlines the course of the economic modernization and activity for overcoming this obstacle.
Key words: modernization, model of economy, social problems, types of modernization of economy, structure of state, society, conversion of technology, labor force, labor potential.
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